恍如大富翁地皮 囤積虛幣收租和味 | 蘋果日報
在低息環境下,港元或美元的銀行存款利息接近零,扣除通脹,現金為王的策略必輸。在加密貨幣的世界,情況卻大有不同,存款是有利息的,部份甚至可達雙位數。例如穩定幣(stable coin)存款,儘管價格沒有上落、沒有孖展炒賣的空間,利息也高達10多厘。使用加密貨幣收租,是一門利潤可觀的生意。
持量是未來挖礦機
比特幣使用算力證明的方法已過時,新的區塊鏈都採用持量證明。持量(staking)其實就是未來的挖礦機,先擁有加密貨幣,才可以參與驗證交易從而賺取認證費用,俗稱掘礦。以往要掘比特幣,只需持有礦機,可以完全不持有比特幣,本質上不鼓勵礦工長線持有。持量證明後,創造了一個良性循環,掘礦者傾向繼續持有加密貨幣,進而減少供應推升價格。這有點像香港的士牌,要經營生意必須買入牌照,而且限量供應,如果平台使用量提高,牌照價格自然飆升。
去中心化交易所(DeX)是另一個用持量收租的例子,只要把加密貨幣鎖定於流動性池(liquidity pool),就等於參與現實世界的造市商(market making),可以穩定地收取某個比例交易費用,在市旺時收入很可觀。另外,加密貨幣的持份者有投票權,可對某個特定議題做決策,例如是否增加總供應量,好比現實世界的股東特別大會。以上種種需求,創造出加密貨幣的借貸服務,有人會願意付出利息租用別人的加密貨幣,也有人囤積加密貨幣收租。整個發展方向,像虛擬版的大富翁遊戲,誰持有地皮誰就有權收租。當然,收回來的租金同樣也是加密貨幣,傳統投資者例如是巴菲特,可能認為這不是真正現金流。因此,如果相信加密貨幣就是未來的貨幣,現在就應及早買入地皮收租。
主權貨幣CBDC來襲 新世代金融基金會:央行該接招了
近日在市場上,許多加密貨幣價格劇烈起伏,行政院前院長陳冲主持的新世代金融基金會表示,加密貨幣不是幣,也許是commodity,也許是投資工具,但不是貨幣,更不是中央銀行數位貨幣(CBDC)。至於穩定幣(stable coin),以Diem (前身為Libra)為代表,其與實體貨幣掛鉤,有電子商務為後盾,對現有體系比較構成威脅,德國財政部長Olaf Scholz在Libra改名為Diem後仍稱之為「披著羊皮的狼」,足見其威脅。
新世代金融基金會表示,其實在舉世央行矚目下,穩定幣勢必接受監管,野性將受馴服,出不了大亂子,充其量只是「披著狼皮的羊」。至數位主權貨幣(CBDC),一旦成功問世,在各國央行審慎規劃下,應該只是國民「錢包」中以「數位形態」出現的現鈔,是電子錢包中支付工具的一項,會大量減少輔幣(零錢)、現鈔的使用,如此而已。
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以數位方式發行主權貨幣,當然不是簡單的事,其中有技術面的考慮,還有政策面、金融面的考量。CBDC如果發行,應不會全面發行,一方面各國央行總會避免劇烈衝擊金融體系,一方面要讓金融機構放心,最重要的是央行也不願失去中介機構的緩衝。新世代金融金金會建議,先從最底層的小額交易進行試驗。
新世代金融基金會表示,面對世界研究CBDC的風潮,我國中央銀行似不願正面接招。由報導中的「央行指出」字眼了解,央行傾向由公私合作提供CBDC,央行更認為國際主要央行探索CBDC,不限於目前發展對支付系統與貨幣制度的威脅,還有爭奪金融霸權意味。換言之,我國既無意金融霸權,即無須發展CBDC,縱有必要,也可公私合作。
如果這是央行本意,身為國人也無話可說,但須指出CBDC是Legal tender,代表國家主權,在我國是否適合公私合作?央行自身對CBDC如有深入研究,是否更易於判斷合作對手的適當性?而且CBDC只是支付工具的一種,與其他支付業者的服務仍有區別,CBDC與一般紙幣、輔幣都可轉入電子錢包,是否有電子支付業者就可不要CBDC? 15年來,CBDC已由「不值一哂」,到「各方矚目」,恐怕是正面接招的時候了。
至於現行的貨幣何去何從?新世代金融基金會董事長陳冲董事長曾發表文章「鈔票不死只是凋零」,文末表示「鈔票如同老兵,不死只是凋零」,鈔票應該不會消失,只是以不同形態的呈現,現在應該是迎接現鈔貨幣數位化的新時代了。
USDT/USD: Speculative Advantages of Chasing the Stable Coin
Tether, as the premier stable coin, provides an intriguing speculative landscape for experienced traders. Having gotten its legal questions out of the way which were shadowing Tether for a while, via its settlement with New York State, USDT/USD can be looked at with short-term and long-term perspectives with relative comfort.
The 1.0000 mark remains the ultimate trading barometer for USDT/USD, but the digital currency seldom navigates this value only. Instead, it trades slightly above or below the price depending on prevailing sentiment and its utilitarian ability in the cryptocurrency world as a basis for transactions. In early trading today, USDT/USD traversed slightly lower from its current short-term price range and touched the 1.0005 mark and promptly moved higher.
Traders need to understand that the volume within USDT/USD is not huge and patience is required to have values move in the direction desired. Speculating on USDT/USD also needs the ability to understand the trading parameters of your chosen broker. If you are taking a position in USDT/USD it may not be possible to hit your target in one day, even if it is incremental, which means you may have to pay a carrying charge to hold a position overnight.
Therefore, looking for small moves within USDT/USD is the best option and the use of limit orders is vital to get in and out of trades. Short-term traders who know how to use their risk management tools have an advantage when trading Tether.
From a technical viewpoint, and taking into consideration the overall strong nature of the cryptocurrency market, USDT/USD continues to look like a potential buying opportunity when it approaches the 1.0000 mark. In fact, speculators who are able to use limit orders and buy if the 1.0005 support level is touched in the short term may find this trade worthwhile.
Now that the storm clouds have lifted from Tether, traders in the near term can be more comfortable and focus on value instead of legal questions for USDT/USD. Short term, USDT/USD looks like an opportunity for speculators who are alert, can tactically implement their positions patiently and target support junctures as a way to buy Tether.
Tether Short-Term Outlook:
Current Resistance: 1.0012
Current Support: 1.0005
High Target: 1.0014
Low Target: 1.0001