為程式碼而寫的程式碼:USD讓模擬畫面遵守物理定律
Metaverse 裡的物件越來越具真實感了。從今天開始, 開發人員可以透過標準方式建立及分享逼真的模擬內容。蘋果 (Apple)、NVIDIA 與皮克斯動畫工作室 (Pixar Animation Studios) 已經訂定出一種通用方法,以便在虛擬 3D 環境的通用語言通用場景描述 (USD) 中,用精準符合物理定律的方式表達模型。
為了滿足規模不斷擴大的社群,USD 需要朝著多個方向延伸。皮克斯所設計的 USD 具備開放性和靈活性,因此剛好藉由 NVIDIA SIGGRAPH 2021 大會的主題演講,向外界介紹 USD 的最新擴充項目。
以技術上的術語來說,這是剛體物理學 (rigid-body physics) 的新模式, 也就是用數學的方式來描述固體在實體環境裡的行為特性。 像是模擬彈珠從斜坡上滾下來,你想要它們在相互碰撞時, 出現你所預期的反應, 開發人員需要得知彈珠的重量和坡道的平滑度等物理細節, 才能做到這一點,而這就是新的擴充項目所能提供的。
本著靈活運用的精神,開發人員可以使用這個擴充項目, 選擇任何自己喜歡的解算器 (solver),因為他們都可以從同一組 USD 資料中驅動。如此一來便提供了一組統一的資料,可以為電影、 遊戲和擴增實境進行離線模擬。 這一點很重要,用於遊戲等即時應用場景的解算器, 視速度高於精準度,而舉例來說, 建築師們則是希望使用視精準度高於速度的解算器。
這三家公司共同撰寫了一份白皮書,文中描述三方的聯合提案內容, 並分享給 USD 社群後獲得熱烈迴響。這個擴充項目現在已經納入標準 USD 發行版本,所有開發人員均可免費取得。
NVIDIA 想要透過被視為創作者的作業系統,或者被稱作「3D 繪圖的 Google Docs」的 NVIDIA Omniverse 協作環境,提供服務給這一大群人。NVIDIA 設想了一個由相互連接之虛擬世界所構成的 metaverse, 日後任何人都可以在這裡分享他們的成果。USD 將朝著許多方面進行擴充,以滿足社群的各種需求。
世界最大!2.4萬TEU長範輪 造價逾1.4億USD跑歐洲1趟回本
先前長榮的長賜輪卡在蘇伊士運河,引起全世界關注,現在航運界又有新的貨輪加入,造價超過1.4億美元的長範輪,成為全世界最大的貨輪,8日下午停靠在台北港,未來將投入歐洲線營運,受惠國際運價漲翻天,貨輪跑一趟就能回本。
造價超過1.4億美元的長範輪將投入歐洲線營運,受惠國際運價大漲,只要跑一趟就能回本。(圖/TVBS)
大船進港,鳴笛聲又厚又沉,從空中俯瞰超壯觀,兩旁還有拖船,用噴水禮來迎接,這艘超大型貨櫃輪,是目前全世界最大的一艘。
記者洪浚緯:「這一艘貨櫃輪是長榮的長範輪,全長400公尺,載重達到2.4萬TEU,也就是能載(約)2萬4千個20呎標準貨櫃,8/8停靠台北港之後,接下來將要投入歐洲線營運。」
長範輪比塞住蘇伊士運河的長賜輪,載重多了約3000多TEU,但兩艘貨輪長度差不多,長範輪造價約1.4億到1.6億美元,業者在2019年,疫情前下訂10艘,由三星重工,中華造船和江南造船建造,加上今年六月追加兩艘,預計2024年12艘會交付完畢。
國際海運、空運費用齊漲,未來恐影響商品價格。(圖/TVBS)
長範輪擠下,原本是世界最大貨櫃船的韓遠聖彼得堡,登上世界第一,不過隨著國際運價高漲,貨輪跑遠東到歐洲線運價,加上附加費,每TEU約8000到1萬美元來計算,長範輪跑一趟就賺回造船費,而且還有剩。
記者洪浚緯:「目前國際貨櫃的價格,跑美東美西或是歐洲線,都突破了一萬美金,而另外SCFI綜合指數,也比前一個禮拜漲了96.24點。」
長範輪擠下韓遠聖彼得堡,成為世界最大貨櫃船。(圖/TVBS)
另外航空貨運市場,也將在8月下旬進入旺季,但大陸宣布將從8/10最後一班後,暫停歐美線所有貨運航班過夜到8月底,航空貨運承攬業者就說,這將會讓歐美線貨運機位嚴重不足,導致運價提升。
從海運到空運,貨運價格全都上漲,未來恐怕抬升商品價格,把運費轉嫁到消費者身上。
更多 TVBS 報導
長榮宣布造櫃計畫 砸3997萬美元購入6千只貨櫃
長賜輪簽署賠償和解協議 傳已離開埃及水域
台灣水果在黑龍江受歡迎!甜度高當禮品販售 疫情下停擺
營收利多加持 萬海、長榮盤中再創新高價
USD/JPY Fundamental Daily Forecast – Tight Trading Range as Investors Prepare for Jackson Hole Symposium
The Dollar/Yen finished nearly flat on Friday as a rise in demand for riskier U.S. stocks helped dampen the safe-haven appeal of the Japanese Yen, creating an offsetting trade. Also helping to underpin the greenback was a slight rise in U.S. Treasury yields. There were no major economic reports from the United States which helped drive down volume and volatility.
On Friday, the USD/JPY settled at 109.791, up 0.010 or +0.01%.
When there aren’t a lot of worries in the market, Dollar/Yen investors revert to the carry-trade, i.e. they buy risky assets and sell the Japanese Yen after borrowing from Japanese banks at extremely low interest rates. That’s probably what we saw on Friday following a volatile trade throughout the week tied to Wednesday’s release of the Federal Reserve minutes and worries over the COVID surge.
The USD/JPY may have been supported on Friday as Wall Street rallied and Fed jitters waned. The major U.S. stock indexes closed sharply higher, closing out a tumultuous week on easing concerns over whether the U.S. Federal Reserve could begin tightening its dovish monetary policy sooner than expected.
Friday’s Dollar/Yen price action also reflected the mixed performance in U.S. Treasury markets. Yields moved sideways amid continued uncertainty about the spread of the delta variant and discussion from the Fed tapering bond purchases.
The yield on the benchmark 10-year Treasury note rose 1 basis point to 1.257%. The yield on the 30-year Treasury bond dipped less than a basis point to 1.868%.
Although Treasury yields surprisingly ebbed lower all week, the USD/JPY remained firm as the latest meeting minutes from the Federal Reserve, released on Wednesday, showed that central bankers were planning to taper bond purchases before the end of the year.
In addition, concerns about the spread of the delta variant continued to weigh on sentiment.
In economic news, Japan’s core consumer prices narrowed their annual pace of declines for three straight months in July, a sign global commodities inflation was offsetting some of the deflationary pressure from a pandemic-induced spending slump.
Story continues
But analysts expect consumer inflation to stay well below levels seen in the United States and Europe, as Japan’s decision on Tuesday to extend state of emergency curbs into mid-September is seen dealing a blow to already weak household spending.
Short-Term Outlook
We’re expecting more of the same choppy, two-sided trading over the short-term as many of the major players take to the sidelines ahead of the central bankers’ summit at Jackson Hole, Wyoming on August 26-28. Market participants will be awaiting insights into the Fed’s “taper talks” as many central bankers aim to move away from easy policy.
For a look at all of today’s economic events, check out our economic calendar.
This article was originally posted on FX Empire
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